Fraudulent robocalls are increasingly difficult to combat due to scammers leveraging inexpensive internet calling and AI technologies. Industry experts indicate that existing anti-fraud tools are struggling to keep pace with the evolving tactics of these criminals.

GPTZero's engineer coined the term "vibe citing" to describe the generation of fake references due to LLM hallucinations. The 2025 Ernst & Young report titled "Points of Attack: Uncovering Cyber Threats and Fraud in Loyalty Systems" has been identified as utilizing this phenomenon.