Moderna and Merck announced positive topline Phase 3 results from INTerpath-001, which tested intismeran autogene with KEYTRUDA as an adjuvant treatment for patients with completely resected stage IIB–IV melanoma. Intismeran autogene is an investigational mRNA-based individualized neoantigen therapy jointly developed by the two companies. The trial met its primary endpoint of recurrence-free survival and a key secondary endpoint of distant metastasis-free survival. Noubar Afeyan, Moderna’s co-founder, said the result marks the first positive Phase 3 outcome for an individualized neoantigen therapy and for an mRNA-based cancer therapy. The therapy is designed around mutations unique to an individual patient’s tumor and is intended to be used alongside KEYTRUDA. Moderna was founded in 2010, when, according to Afeyan, using mRNA as a new class of medicines and as a basis for personalized cancer treatment faced substantial skepticism. Afeyan said important work remains and credited Moderna, Merck, trial investigators, patients, and families for contributing to the milestone.