CPU designs must evolve to accommodate changing workloads, sometimes by extending the instruction set. Intel's AMX extension accelerates matrix multiplication for machine learning by offering 2D tile registers and configuration registers, allowing programmers to configure specialized execution units to target matrix data.

Arm produces its own silicon for specific datacenter and AI infrastructure applications while primarily licensing CPU and GPU designs. The ARM AGI CPU, announced on March 24, 2026, is designed for scalable AI infrastructure, offering high performance and extreme rack-level density for agentic AI operations in modern data centers.