Humanoid robots take approximately 5,000 steps per hour, with each step generating forces of 2–3 times the robot's body weight through the leg actuators. This high duty cycle leads to actuator failures, prompting engineers to adopt similar solutions to enhance durability.

BMW Group will deploy humanoid robots in production at its Leipzig plant in Germany, marking the first use of such technology in the country. A pilot project for these robots was successfully completed at the BMW Group Plant in Spartanburg, USA, and a new "Center of Competence for Physical AI in Production" will facilitate the global integration of AI and robotics in manufacturing.