Stoa facilitates the buying and selling of GPUs through verified counterparties and a price discovery mechanism. The GPU market is fragmented with varying supply sources and pricing influenced by multiple factors such as SKU, delivery timing, region, quantity, condition, financing, and urgency.

Competitive market outcomes necessitate computational intractability, indicating that if P = NP, firms could effectively solve collusion detection problems. This efficiency would allow for sustainable collusion as an equilibrium in complex, noisy markets.