Strategies and execution within organizations are interdependent, with outcomes influenced by individual actions and expectations. Game theory provides a framework for recognizing patterns in complex decision-making scenarios, despite the rarity of formal solutions in real-world situations.

Google DeepMind and Kaggle launched Game Arena, a public benchmarking platform for AI models to compete in strategic games, starting with chess. The platform aims to develop AI capable of making decisions in environments with incomplete information.

Gemini 3 utilizes the So Long Sucker game, a benchmark for AI deception, negotiation, and trust, originally designed by John Nash and others in 1950. The game involves four players using colored chips and requires betrayal for a player to win, enabling the assessment of AI capabilities that traditional benchmarks do not evaluate.